Net Export Value = Export Value - Import Value. Generally, a government should strive to maintain a basic equilibrium between exports and imports with a slight surplus, which is conducive to the healthy development of the national economy. Trade Surplus: Occurs when a country or region's export value exceeds its import value within a specific period.
Trade Deficit: Occurs when a country or region's import value exceeds its export value within a specific period.
Statistical discrepancies in measurement methods may adversely affect the calculation of trade balance.

Import and Export Value = Export Value + Import Value. It represents the total value of a country's participation in international trade of goods.

The "Reporter" refers to the data source country, or the origin of trade flows. For example:
When China is the reporter, trade flows from China to the U.S. are recorded as Chinese exports, and flows from the U.S. to China as Chinese imports, both reported by China.
The timeSeries visualization includes 250 countries/economies as reporters (including Kosovo and the Dutch Caribbean islands of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba), covering all major global entities. Data is sourced from official statistical agencies and international organizations, updated monthly.
When analyzing subnational regions (e.g., provinces, states, or customs regions), they may be treated as "Reporter" for analytical purposes.

A "Partner" refers to the trading counterpart of the reporter.
For exports, the partner is the destination country.
For imports, the partner is the source country.
The timeSeries visualization covers 250 partner countries/economies as partners (same as above).

The HS Code, formally titled the International Convention for Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, is a standardized classification system for international trade commodities. Administered by the World Customs Organization (WCO), it was implemented on January 1, 1988, and revised every five years. The system categorizes all traded goods into 22 sections (major categories) and 98 chapters.
The first two digits represent the “chapter."
The next two digits represent the "heading."
The fifth and sixth digits represent the "subheading."
The first six digits constitute the international HS standard (HS2/4/6). Some countries add seventh to tenth digits for further subdivision based on national needs. The current version is the 2022 edition.

In timeSeries visualization, the subordinate administrative units within a country or region are commonly defined as “Subnat-Regions”. However, this expression may not be applicable to all countries. For example, Russia has federal districts as its subordinate administrative units, such as the Volga Federal District, and Japan has its own "to" (prefectures), like Tokyo Metropolis. Therefore, “Subnat-Regions” are merely terms used in timeSeries visualization to denote subordinate administrative units within a country or region.
Additionally, there may be a trade-level inclusion relationship derived from geographical inclusion among subordinate administrative units in some countries, while in others, there may not be. For instance, in Japan, Tokyo Metropolis is under the jurisdiction of the Kanto region, which means there is a trade-level inclusion relationship resulting from geographical inclusion. The trade flow exported from Tokyo Metropolis is necessarily included in the trade flow exported from the Kanto region. On the other hand, in Brazil, although São Paulo (Guarulhos) Airport is geographically located in São Paulo State, the goods exported from São Paulo (Guarulhos) Airport may also be exported from Rio de Janeiro State. In this case, there is no trade-level inclusion relationship between São Paulo (Guarulhos) Airport and São Paulo State.
The aforementioned distinction primarily stems from differences in the calculation methods adopted by various countries in trade statistics. Some countries apply the principle of origin or exporter's registered address when determining which region a particular trade activity should be attributed to within their country, while others adopt the actual location of the import-export activity. When the principle of origin or exporter's registered address is applied, a company registered in one province may use a customs district in another province as the departure point for its exports, leading to a mismatch between the geographical inclusion relationship and the trade-level inclusion relationship among administrative units.